Basic Science Primary 5 Second Term Lesson

 

Primary 5 Basic Science Examination Questions and Answers

SECTION A: Underline the Correct Answers

  1. Reproduction is the ability of living things to produce young ones of their kind.

    • Answer: (c) reproduction

  2. Seeds are formed from the union of the male and female reproductive parts.

    • Answer: (a) seeds

  3. The flower is the reproductive organ in a flowering plant.

    • Answer: (c) flower

  4. The stigma receives pollen grains during pollination.

    • Answer: (b) stigma

  5. The transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma is called pollination.

    • Answer: (b) pollination

  6. Fertilization is the union of the male gamete and the female gamete.

    • Answer: (a) fertilization

  7. The falling back of water to the ground is called precipitation.

    • Answer: (b) precipitation

  8. Water moves in a continuous cycle.

    • Answer: (a) continuous

  9. Water vapor condenses when it meets a cooler surface.

    • Answer: (b) condenses

  10. Igneous rock forms during a volcanic eruption.

  • Answer: (a) igneous rock
  1. Limestone is an example of sedimentary rocks.
  • Answer: (a) sedimentary
  1. Rocks are non-living solid objects.
  • Answer: (a) rocks
  1. Slate is an example of metamorphic rock.
  • Answer: (a) slate
  1. The source of acetic acid is vinegar.
  • Answer: (a) vinegar
  1. The term ‘acid’ means sour.
  • Answer: (a) sour
  1. The soluble bases can dissolve in water.
  • Answer: (b) soluble
  1. Bases have a bitter taste.
  • Answer: (b) bitter
  1. The reaction of caustic potash with vegetable oil is called saponification.
  • Answer: (b) saponification
  1. Hard soap is referred to as sodium soap.
  • Answer: (b) sodium
  1. Technology is the use of human ability to create a new thing.
  • Answer: (a) technology
  1. Metal is heavy and sinks in water.
  • Answer: (c) metal
  1. Ceramics are brittle.
  • Answer: (b) ceramic
  1. Ferrous metal contains iron.
  • Answer: (a) ferrous
  1. Rubber is natural and elastic.
  • Answer: (a) elastic
  1. Rocks are formed by pressure in the earth.
  • Answer: (a) pressure

SECTION B: Fill in the Blanks

  1. Sodium hydroxide is the major ingredient in soap making.
  2. The acid got from honey is called gluconic acid.
  3. Metamorphic rocks are formed from pre-existing rocks.
  4. Agents are needed for pollination.
  5. The sweet-tasting liquid in flowers is called nectar.
  6. Sepals protect the floral parts in the bud.
  7. The heated water that turns into gas is called water vapor.
  8. Granite is an example of igneous rock.
  9. Schist is an example of metamorphic rock.
  10. Limestone rock can be found in Niger state.
  11. Marble is used in making tiles and decorating materials.
  12. Acids that occur naturally are called organic acids.
  13. Bases turn red litmus paper to blue.
  14. Acids have a sour taste.
  15. Bases have a bitter taste.

SECTION C: Theory Questions and Answers

1. Properties of Acids (Mention 5)

i. Sour taste – Example: Lemon juice contains citric acid.
ii. Corrosive nature – Acids can corrode metals, e.g., sulfuric acid.
iii. They turn blue litmus paper red – Example: Hydrochloric acid.
iv. They react with metals to produce hydrogen gas – Example: HCl + Zn → ZnCl₂ + H₂.
v. They react with bases to form salts and water (Neutralization reaction) – Example: HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H₂O.

2. Define the Following Terms

A) Production – The process of creating goods and services to satisfy human needs.
B) Fertilization – The fusion of the male and female gametes to form a new organism.
C) Pollination – The transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of a flower.

3. Types of Rocks with Two Examples Each

i. Igneous Rocks – Formed from cooled molten magma or lava.

  • Examples: Granite, Basalt.

ii. Sedimentary Rocks – Formed from the deposition of sediments.

  • Examples: Limestone, Sandstone.

iii. Metamorphic Rocks – Formed when existing rocks are subjected to heat and pressure.

  • Examples: Marble, Schist.

4. Agents of Pollination

  • Wind – Example: Maize, grass.
  • Water – Example: Coconut, water lily.
  • Insects – Example: Sunflower, hibiscus.
  • Birds – Example: Honeysuckle.
  • Bats – Example: Banana tree.

5. Draw and Label a Flowering Plant

📌 Teacher’s Note: Ask students to draw a flowering plant with labels for:

  • Roots
  • Stem
  • Leaves
  • Flower
  • Sepals
  • Petals
  • Stigma
  • Anther

Conclusion

This test covers essential Basic Science concepts such as reproduction, pollination, fertilization, rocks, acids, and bases. It enhances students' understanding of natural processes and their real-world applications. Encouraging hands-on activities like drawing plants and experiments with acids and bases will further solidify these concepts.



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